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Иссык - the Sack / Issyk - Kohl from a translation into Russian "Hot lake", in Germany under the Russian name of Issyk - the Sack or on Turkish Issyk the Goal the largest lake in Kyrgyzstan (the Central Asia).
After the South American Lake Titicaca is in the Tian Shan Mountains lake is 6,236 km ² area's second largest mountain on earth. It is situated in the territory Issyk-Kul, is 182 km long and 60 km wide, up to 668 m deep and is located 1,609 m above sea level. It is called the lake also is the "heart of the Tian Shan." North of the lake lies the mountain chain of Kungei-Alatau, is located south of the chain Terskey-Alatau.
The Issyk-Kul freezes despite an air temperature of up to -20 degrees Celsius in winter ever. This is presumably because the rapid mixing between surface and deep water (with a temperature of> 4 ° C) in winter a cooling of the surface to prevent freezing. [1] In addition, the temperature of maximum density of water due to its salinity ( about 6 g / kg) of 4 ° C (freshwater) at ≈ 2.6 ° C reduces what the cooling of the water body and thus the satisfactory difficult. [1] Another reason for the lack of ice in winter are often the great depth or the occurrence of warm springs at the lake above, but these conditions are also met in other lakes in the winter but still satisfactory (eg Baikal). The lake has several tributaries, but no runoff. Over longer periods, the water level fluctuates so by local climate changes greatly.
The fish-rich waters Still, both reserve and recreation area. On the shore or in the vicinity of the lake are the cities of Karakol and Tscholponata. The lake is also a scene of the novels Tschingis Aitmatows. On the shore at Tscholponata prehistoric petroglyphs have been discovered, it also has ruins of an ancient sunken city in Yssykköl found.
At the time of accession to the Soviet Union, Kyrgyzstan was the lake that used to test torpedoes and torpedo control system; big water and coastal areas were military intelligence and restricted zones. In March 2008, the Kyrgyz government announced that 866 hectares of the Peninsula Karabulan for an indefinite period of Russia's navy will be rented to test their weapons, will resume. The rent is approximately 4.5 million dollars annually.
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